George Carwardine

George Carwardine invented the Anglepoise lamp in 1932, setting the template for modern task lighting. His constant-tension spring mechanism remains the benchmark for directional lamps nearly a century later. Discover authentic Anglepoise pieces built to Carwardine's original engineering at Heal's.

George Carwardine (1887–1948) was a British automotive engineer whose work on vehicle suspension led him to invent the Anglepoise lamp in 1932. He patented a constant-tension spring mechanism that allowed a lamp to be positioned freely and held in place, revolutionising task lighting. The design has remained in continuous production ever since.

The Anglepoise is a balanced-arm task lamp that uses springs to mimic the constant tension of human limbs, allowing smooth repositioning and stable hold. It was originally designed for industrial use before becoming one of Britain's most recognisable domestic lamps. The current range includes desk, floor and wall-mounted versions.

Modern Anglepoise lamps retain Carwardine's core spring mechanism, with contemporary updates for LED bulbs, sustainable materials and colour options. The company still manufactures in the UK, with each lamp tested for smooth articulation. Original 1930s examples remain highly collectable at auction.

The Anglepoise's constant-tension mechanism sets it apart from modern task lamps, which typically use friction joints or counterweights. The springs allow the lamp to hold any position without drift, which is particularly useful for detailed tasks like sewing, reading or drawing. Copies of the mechanism rarely match the precision of the original.